1 Fuselage: Centre body of the aircraft, it cares the major
payloads & weight, commonly used shape of the fuselage is similar to
cylindrically shape. It is a semi-monocoque structure, the fuselage is a French
word meaning ‘’ spindle’’ shape.
2 Wings: they are the major lift producing components both
left and right wings are identical to each other. The volume of the wings is used
for storage of main landing gear and fuel tank. There are two controlling
surfaces on the wing i.e. flaps and aileron
Flaps: they are
used at the time of climbing and landing (decent), at the time of climbing the flaps are used to increase
in the lift.
Aileron: they
are the controlling surfaces of an aircraft, they are used the longitudinal
direction(Y-axis) it is also called a rolling moment both the aileron work
simultaneously. When we left aileron deflects downwards then simultaneously the right will go up and then aircraft will rotate anticlockwise, and vice and
versa.
Vertical Stabilizer: Vertical stabilizer or tail they are
used for providing the necessary stability to the aircraft. It has only one
controlling surface that is the rudder.
The rudder is one of
the controlling surfaces of vertical stabilizer it is used for changing
directional direction (z-axis) it is called a yawing moment. It turns the nose of
the aeroplane according to the rudder motion.
Horizontal stabilizer: horizontal stabilizer or tail they are
used for providing necessary stability to the aircraft. It has only one
controlling surface that is the elevator.
The elevator is one of
the controlling surfaces which is used for changing lateral direction (x-axis) it
is called a pitching moment. pitch up means aircraft nose is up and it is
going in upwards direction and vice versa for pitch down
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